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Contraceptive Use
What percentage of sexually active teens report using a condom or birth control pills at last intercourse?
- In 2007, 62% of sexually active students used a condom at last sex and 39% did not.1
- In 2007, 16% of sexually active students used birth control pills at last sex.1
- In 2007, black sexually active high school students were more likely than their Hispanic or white peers to report condom use during last sexual intercourse.1
- In 2007, twice as many white students (21%) as black (9%) and Hispanic (9%) students reported using birth control pills before last sex.1
- Among all high school students, those in 12th grade were most likely to report using birth control pills before last sex and least likely to report using a condom at last sex.1
What are the trends in contraceptive use among sexually active teens at last intercourse?
- Condom use at last sex increased from 1991 to 2003 (46% to 63% respectively).1
- There was essentially no change between 2005 and 2007 in the proportion of sexually active students who used a condom the last time they had sex, or who used the birth control pill the last time they had sex.3
What factors lead to increased contraception use?
- Male and female teens’ contraceptive use in their first sexual relationship was significantly associated with contraceptive use in later relationships. Conversely, males who did not use contraception during a first sexual relationship were 66% less likely than other males to use contraception in their current relationship. Females who did not use contraception at first sex were also less likely than other females to use contraception in later relationships. 4
- Males who reported engaging with their partners in more couple-like activities were almost twice as likely to have ever used and always used contraception. For females, having discussed contraception before sex was also associated with increased odds of having ever used and consistently used contraception in later relationships.4
- For females, if a partner was initially a stranger to her, she was less likely to use contraception than if the partner had been previously known to her. In addition, females’ likelihood of using contraception was reduced by 20% for each additional partner they had ever had.4
- Women with ambivalent attitudes toward pregnancy use contraceptives less consistently and effectively than those with clear, firm motivation to avoid pregnancy.5
- Males who suffered sexual abuse in the past were far less likely to use contraception than males who never suffered such abuse.5
References
1 Eaton DK, Kann L, Kinchen S et al. Youth risk behavior surveillance, United States, 2007. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report 2008; 57(SS-4):1-138; www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/pdf/yrbss07_mmwr.pdf accessed 6/11/2008.
3 National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, Fast Facts, Teen Sexual Behavior and Contraceptive Use: Date from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2007.
4 Manlove J, Ryan S, Franzetta K. Contraceptive use and consistency in U.S. teenagers' most recent sexual relationships. Perspectives on Sexual & Reproductive Health 2004; 36:265-275.
5 Frost JJ et al. Factors associated with contraceptive use and nonuse, United States, 2004. Perspectives on Sexual & Reproductive Health 2007; 39(2):90-99.
